A stretch wrap machine applies stretch film around a pallet load under controlled tension, so loads are wrapped consistently and with less film than hand wrapping. Machines range from semi-automatic turntables to fully automatic rotary arm and ring wrappers integrated into conveyor lines.
Main types
Turntable wrappers rotate the load while the film carriage moves up and down; they are the most common and least expensive. Rotary arm machines move the film around a stationary load, which suits light, unstable or very heavy loads. Ring wrappers use a rotating ring for high speed lines. Orbital wrappers pass film through the load and are used for long products.
Pre-stretch and containment
Powered pre-stretch carriages elongate film before it reaches the load, commonly by 200 percent or more, so each meter of film covers more load and applies more consistent force. Settings for wrap count, overlap, top and bottom wraps and tension determine containment force. Wrapping a few turns onto the pallet itself locks the load to the pallet.
Choosing a machine
Loads per hour, load weight and stability, footprint and whether wrapping must integrate with a palletizer and label applicator drive the choice. Testing loads against a distribution profile such as ASTM D4169 helps confirm wrap settings.
Related Terms
- Stretch Wrap
- Shrink Wrap
- Palletizer
- Label Applicator
- Unit Load
- ASTM D4169
- Strapping Tool
- Banding
- Browse all glossary terms
Frequently Asked Questions
When does a stretch wrap machine pay off over hand wrapping?
It depends on volume and film use. Machines with powered pre-stretch typically use much less film per load than hand wrapping and apply it consistently, which can reduce damage. Many operations find a semi-automatic turntable worthwhile once they wrap a steady number of loads each shift. Labor savings, ergonomic benefits and fewer load failures all count toward the payback.
Why do wrapped loads still shift in transit?
Common causes are too few wraps at the base, no film locking the load to the pallet, low containment force from loose tension, or film that is overstretched and has lost strength. Unstable stacking patterns and overhanging cartons also contribute. Reviewing machine settings, adding bottom wraps onto the pallet and testing loads usually resolves it.